Investigator-Initiated Research

The Neurosurgery Department at SIU Medicine is dedicated to advancing the field through investigator-initiated research, where faculty members design and lead studies aimed at exploring new techniques, treatments, and interventions in neurosurgery. This
research is critical to driving innovation and improving patient outcomes, allowing our physicians to address key challenges in neurosurgical care. Investigator-initiated research spans a wide array of focus areas, including neuro-oncology, spinal surgery,
traumatic brain injury, and neurovascular disorders. Below is a list of active and past studies that highlight the depth and impact of our department’s research initiatives.

Glutamate Neurotransmission and Cellular Senescence in Epileptogenesis

Investigating the role of glutamate neurotransmission in the development of epilepsy, this study explores how cellular senescence may contribute to epileptogenesis. By delving into these mechanisms, the research aims to identify new therapeutic targets for epilepsy.

Adjacent-Segment Disease Following Two-Level Axial Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A 10-Year Follow-Up Study

Through long-term follow-up, this research examines the incidence of adjacent-segment disease and other postoperative complications in patients who underwent Axial Lumbar Interbody Fusion (Axial-LIF), with the goal of improving surgical techniques and patient outcomes.

Volumetric Analysis of Posterior Fossa Volume in Comparison to Cerebellar Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage as a Predictor for Surgical Decompression

Aiming to improve decision-making in cerebellar hemorrhage cases, this study evaluates the relationship between posterior fossa volume and hemorrhage volume to predict the need for surgical decompression, offering a more data-driven approach to treatment.

Clinical Utility of MRI Scout Images for Diagnosing Severe Spinal Cord Compression

This study explores the accuracy of MRI scout images in diagnosing severe spinal cord compression, aiming to improve early detection and intervention in spinal pathologies.

Assessing Anticoagulant and Antiplatelet Use and Risk of Subdural Hematoma Events

Focused on understanding the risk factors associated with subdural hematoma (SDH) in patients undergoing anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy, this research provides valuable insights into optimizing treatment protocols for high-risk individuals.

Diagnostic Yield and Cost Effectiveness of Head and Face Computed Tomography in Initial Trauma Evaluation

This study examines the clinical utility and cost-effectiveness of routine follow-up CT scans in trauma patients, aiming to determine the relevance of these scans in detecting complications post-trauma.

Space-D Access System: Early Clinical Experience and Outcomes for Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion

Analyzes the outcomes of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion using the Space-D Access System, assessing its effectiveness in reducing recovery times and perioperative complications compared to traditional techniques.

Clinical Utility of MRI Scout Images for Diagnosing Moderate and Severe Tandem Spinal Stenosis

This study focuses on the potential of MRI scout images to detect moderate to severe cervical and thoracic spinal stenosis in patients presenting with lumbar stenosis symptoms. It explores whether these low-resolution images could influence clinical decisions and reduce the risk of neurological injury during lumbar decompression surgeries.

Use of Designated Patient “Landing Zone” in Improving Door-to-TPA Times for Ischemic Stroke Treatment

By implementing the "Landing Zone" model at Springfield Memorial Hospital, this study evaluates its effectiveness in reducing door-to-TPA times for ischemic stroke patients, ultimately aiming to enhance patient outcomes through streamlined processes.

A Retrospective Study of Factors Related to Long-Term Survival in Surgically Treated High-Grade Gliomas

Analyzing factors such as tumor characteristics, surgical resection extent, and adjuvant therapies, this research identified critical elements that contribute to long-term survival in patients with high-grade gliomas.

Bertolotti’s Syndrome – A Source of Contralateral Radiculopathy

Investigates Bertolotti’s syndrome as a source of contralateral radiculopathy and evaluates the effectiveness of conservative versus surgical interventions for managing the condition.

Diagnostic Yield of Routine Outpatient CT Head Following Operative TBI

This research focuses on assessing the necessity and cost-effectiveness of routine follow-up CT scans after operative traumatic brain injury, particularly in patients without neurological deficits.

Intraoperative Lactic Acid as a Predictor of Postoperative Complications after Spine Surgery

The study aims to determine if elevated intraoperative lactic acid levels during spine surgery can predict postoperative complications such as neurological deficits, poor wound healing, or extended hospital stays.

Is Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome a Symptom of Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy?

This study explores whether symptoms of greater trochanteric pain syndrome in patients may be an early indicator of degenerative cervical myelopathy, potentially aiding in earlier diagnosis and treatment.

Utility of ICU Admission after tPA Administration for Acute Stroke

Aims to evaluate the necessity of ICU admission for patients treated with tPA for acute ischemic stroke, identifying risk factors that may allow for earlier ICU downgrades and potential cost savings.

Case Study of Six Cases of Sensory Myelopathy

Highlighting atypical presentations of cervical myelopathy characterized by sensory loss, this case series underscores the importance of early surgical intervention to prevent irreversible spinal cord damage in these patients.

Effectiveness of Postoperative Anticoagulation and Antiplatelet Therapy in Acute Vertebrobasilar Stroke

Aimed at improving patient outcomes following endovascular treatment of vertebrobasilar stroke, this research evaluated the safety and efficacy of postoperative anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapies.

Identifying Neurophysiological Biomarkers that Distinguish Different Motor Phenotypes of Parkinson’s Disease

The aim is to identify neurophysiological biomarkers in the subthalamic nucleus that
distinguish between tremor-dominant and akinetic-rigid phenotypes of Parkinson's
disease, enhancing understanding of pathophysiological differences and improving
treatment approaches like adaptive deep brain stimulation.

Use of O-arm with Neuronavigation in Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion for Degenerative Cervical Spine Conditions

This study investigates the use of intraoperative 3D image guidance (O-arm with neuronavigation) during ACDF to determine whether it reduces complications and 90-day readmission rates compared to conventional fluoroscopy-guided procedures.

Factors Influencing Satisfaction Of Patients Presenting To The Emergency Department With Abdominal Pain

This research aims to identify the primary factors influencing patient satisfaction in the Emergency Department, especially for those presenting with abdominal pain, and to evaluate how imaging studies and other ED protocols impact satisfaction.

Investigating Correlation Between Intracranial Aneurysms and Aortic Arch Abnormalities

Explores the potential relationship between intracranial aneurysms and aortic arch abnormalities to improve screening and intervention strategies, which may reduce the mortality associated with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Diagnostic Yield of Routine Repeat Head CT Scans at 4 Week Follow-up for Low-Risk Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

This study assesses the clinical utility and cost-effectiveness of routine follow-up head CT scans in patients with mild traumatic brain injury to determine if these scans provide meaningful clinical benefits or contribute to unnecessary healthcare costs.

Improving Hospital Quality and Costs in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

This study evaluates the Brain Injury Guidelines (BIG) to reduce unnecessary neurosurgical consultations in mild TBI cases, allowing acute care surgeons to manage minor intracranial hemorrhages independently and optimize hospital resources.

Effectiveness of Post Operative Anticoagulation and Antiplatelet Therapy in Acute Vertebrobasilar Stroke

This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of postoperative anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy in patients with acute vertebrobasilar stroke following endovascular interventions, aiming to optimize postoperative care strategies.